Cron is a unix thing, allowing you to schedule programs/scripts to be executed at surtain times/dates.
In your app you could use it to fire up a robot script every 5 minutes and have that script gather information about one url for example.
Don't make the first script call the next, because if the first script fails for some reason, it won't get to call the second script and your app stops.
You can avoid a script-timeout by setting the max_execution_time to a higher value.
Be sure to include something in your code that forces the script to stop when something goes wrong/seems to go wrong, or your machine could fill-up with crashed scripts.
In order to run PHP scripts from the commandline you must re-compile PHP into CGI mode. This makes PHP work juswt like perl:
php script.php
The CGI version can exist alongside the apache module version of PHP.