if i have an array like:
$foo = array( 'item0' => 'blah', 'item1' => 'blah', 'item2' => 'blah');
can i reference a value in the array like this:
echo $foo[1];
dosnt do anything when i use a numerical reference.
No, because they're not assigned to numerical indices, but associative keys. You refer to the elements as $foo['item0'], $foo['item1'], etc.
An array of all the keys used in an array is available via array_keys().