i think you can only read the file-- this is less a php thing and more of an html thing, and html doesn't have a mechanism to read itself. well, there might ebe some way to do this in javascript but i promise it won't be fun ;-) as screwy as it sounds you will probably have an easier time of it just reading/parsing the css file yourself.
i can't speak for performance hits but for casual use it won't be noticable. you could also cache the results of reading it, which will help if it is used regularly.
hope this helps
best
eric