Er, no, I never discussed that; I was explaining what that PHPSESSID thing in your URLs was.
When you say "I need to access that session id data to get the variable $name that is being stored by that session?" it sounds like you're describing exactly what
session_start();
session_register('name');
does. That's the whole point of the things. PHP uses the supplied PHPSESSID (whether from a cookie or in the URL) and gets the value of $name from the stored data associated with it (which, incidentally, are stored in PHP temporary directory on the server - look in there and you'll see a bunch of files with names that match session IDs).
If you're having some sort of problem other than "why do I have these things in my URLs?" then you seem to have been sidetracked by an irrelevancy and haven't actually figured out your problem.