This is probably indirection, I have done that in perl, and php probably borrows from that. It works like this:
$a = "b";
$b = 5;
echo b; / this prints 5 /
echo a; / this prints b /
$$a = 10; // the point of indirection
echo b; / this prints 10 /
echo a; / this prints b /
basicaly this works as a pointer almost, its saying, treat the string in $a as the name of a variable.