There are a whole bunch of $_SERVER vars that you can look at.
Briefly:
_SERVER["HTTPS"] - is set if the SSL is on
_SERVER["SSL_CIPHER_USEKEYSIZE"] - bit strength of the browser.
_SERVER["SSL_CIPHER_ALGKEYSIZE"] - bit strength of the server.
var_dump($_SERVER); - will display all of the _SERVER vars for the current page.