Ehh.... if it's already in the database, isn't it a bit late to validate it, as data is supposed to be validated before storing? if it's in a mysql database, you can't possibly access it via GET or POST variables unless those variables are populated somehow from the database.
If, however, you mean to say that the data has been submitted, you might consider checking $_POST['mjp_essay1'] against a null or blank value (which in my opinion would be the smart thing to do) and then increment the error count. You are using a POST form, aren't you, as two 600 word essays in a GET URL spells a B, an A and a D right before the word 'idea'.