No, you can't set a default for a file input field. The browser won't allow you to do so because of security issues. Which is a good thing, if you think about it. If they allowed it, then what's to stop a malicious web developer from setting a default for the file field like c:\windows\default.pwl and then auto submitting it using javascript?
If I understand what you wrote correctly, I have ran into the same problem before. You have some entry in a db, which contains file names and/or files which you want to be able to edit with a form... and a field in the form is a file field. I worked around that similar to this:
// input filed looks like this <input type="file" name="file">
if ($file != "") {
// code to update the entry in the db
}
That way if they don't want to change the file then they leave the field blank and it doesn't do anything... if they do submit a new file, $file is not equal to "", and therefore the code runs to update it.
Hope this helps.