A very simple example is if you have a new user to your site and you want to display their name on each page of the site. You need their name first, so you ask them for their name and then it gets passed onto each page, like so:
Code for page 1:
<html>
<form method="get" action="page2.html">
<input type="text" name="fname"><br>
<input type="text" name="lname"><br>
</html>
Code for page 2:
<?php
echo("Welcome to the site, " . $_GET['fname'] . " " . $_GET['lname'] . "!");
?>