A couple of differences:
The nonworking server is running 4.2.3 php, the working one is running 4.3.2, could be a bug in 4.2.3
the nonworking server has memory limit of 8 meg, and has a max upload file size of 2 meg. One of those might be getting in the way, especially if it's an attachment that's being uploaded, not just text in the editor.
It would also appear the non-working server is running an older flavor of MySQL (judging from the connect lib version, but this could just be what was included with PHP back then.)
It could be an issue with the version of MySQL you're running not accepting large text types.