you need to use $_GET['varname'] to access a value from the url
so:
$sql = 'SELECT cat,type,image,url,description FROM ke_summary WHERE sub_cat=' ".$_GET['sub_cat']." ' ";
note that the single quotes are around the $sub_cat
or
$sub_cat=$_GET['sub_cat'];
$sql = 'SELECT cat,type,image,url,description FROM ke_summary WHERE sub_cat="$sub_cat"';
hth