actually, there are shared memory functions...your server may or may not be configured to support them.
behold:
http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.shmop.php
they seem a bit arcane to me...probably only use them if you're doing some kind of crazy real-time game or something...and even then you don't necessarily need them.
in addition to database access, you could write a file--although you might encounter consistency problems if you have more than one session writing the same file...could be very tricky...you'll need semaphores and locking to keep things straight.