you have a few problems
1-your html is malformed
try
<a href="#" onClick="send_confirmation('<?= $email; ?>')">Send Confirmation</a>
2- you never even define a js function called 'send_confirmation'
3- why even use js?
just do this...
<a href="http://yourwebsite/confirm.php?id=<?php echo $email; ?>">Send Confirmation</a>
1 thing though, you shouldnt confirm exactly like that. anybody could just goto http://yourwebsite/confirm.php?id=email@example.org
to fake a confirmation. your idea of using js also has this vulnerability.
the solution is to create a unique id for each person, and then store it in your database, and assosciate it to the email address
<?php
$confirmation_id = uniqid();
// now store $confirmation_id in your db w/ thier email
?>
<a href="http://yourwebsite/confirm.php?id=<?php echo $confirmation_id; ?>">Send Confirmation</a>
then in confirm.php
$id = $_GET['id'];
// now approve this id in your db, and approve the email connected to it. done.