It was suggested that this is the most efficient way of storing the info using binary logic to see if a room is available or not at a certain date.
Depending on how you encode your data, yes, this can be a very space efficient method of storing data.
It isnt necessarily the most efficient in terms of speed or ease of use.
If you're using PHP, then chances are you'll be using a database.
The logic would then be in the SQL - bitmasking isnt a particularly good solution.