thanks for your reply msk!
i've tried adding <?PHP ?>. the outcome is the same.
i have created an alert to pop up when certain required fields are not entered. therefore when any required fields are not filled, then the file input field will be cleared. i want to retain the value from the previous form so that after the details have been entered to that empty field, i can continue to click the Submit button.
this echo value thing works for textbox and textarea....so i thought it should work for file input too. 🙂