Your description of what you are trying to achieve does especially make sense, and it sounds like your table structure is wrong as well.
If the user table has a field called player_id then I take it that the you wnat user can only 'track' one player at a time, if you don't then you'll need another table to have a many to many relationship.
It sounds like your page is one page listing all the players, I'm guessing really I need more info, but based on that normaly what you'd do is to run a query of all players that that use has, in your case this would appear to just be something like
SELECT myplayer_id from users WHERE user_id=$userID
Since it appears you only have one record per user. Normally you'd expect multiple rows and then would populate an array with the result of the query the query, then run a query to get the list of players and perform a loop to print the content. What you coudl then do is call the in_array() functin of PHP passing the current playerID and referencing the array of the results from the query. A match would be found if the ID of the current player was in the list of players the user had signed up.