Yeah. Have your script setup to receive arguements using $_GET, and call it on the command line while forking the new process into the background so as not to wait for the script to complete:
exec('/path/to/php -f myScript.php arg1 arg2 arg3 etc &'); // the & forks into background
NOTE: This assumes three things: 1) Your host is running a Unix server, 2) You have access to run system commands via exec(), and 3) You can execute the PHP executable (either because you know the path, or you can simply use 'php -f...' since a symlink or something else was placed in a bin for easy access).