Well here is an idea..
Setup your text input fields like so
<input type="text" name="amount[ $product_id ]" value="">
Replacing $product_id with your product_ids
When posted, it will return an array from amount[]
Then you could loop it...
foreach($_POST['amount'] as $product_id => $amount) {
// Update table set amount = $amount where product_id = $product_id
}