You could arbitrarily select one currency as the standard, let's pick EURO for this example. Then you could create one table with, at a minimum, 2 columns: "currency" and "euros". For each currency you track, you'd have one row, with the "euros" value being the equivalent number of Euros for one unit of the currency in question. Then to convert from one to another, take the first currency type and multiply its amount by the corresponding "euros" value from the table, then divide that result by the "euros" amount for the target currency type.
This may not be the "slickest" or fastest method, but it seems to me it would be simple to implement and easy to maintain. (This does assume an equivalent, unbiased conversion rate amongst the various currencies. If this is not the case -- i.e.: Pesos to USD gets a more favorable conversion rate than Pesos to EUROS to USD -- then you'll need to do the full table conversion.)