Should be a relatively easy process... because:
- You're not switching major versions (e.g. from 4 to 5), so the php5apache2_2.dll file will have the same name/path (assuming you drop the new version directly in place of where the old one was).
- You shouldn't have copied a single file (e.g. a .dll file) outside of the PHP directory (e.g. to a system folder). Right? RIGHT? 😉
IMHO, you just need to save your php.ini file (and any include files that you might have residing in an 'include' directory and whatnot), dump the folder containing your current installation of PHP, download the .zip of the new version, and unzip the new version in the same place as the old version (don't forget to place your old php.ini back in this folder as well, if you moved it while deleting the old contents).
Also, don't forget that a restart of Apache is needed to see any changes to PHP.