cURL is one solution.
function getRealURL($url){
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, TRUE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, TRUE);
curl_exec($ch);
$r = curl_getinfo($ch,CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
curl_close($ch);
return $r;
}