Firebug can see anything sent from the browser to the server in a request. Just click on the "Net" tab and you'll get all calls for images, CSS, Javascript, or even HTTP requests. So as far as Firebug being an issue, it's moot. You can see just as much either with JS or regular HTML forms.
When creating an AJAX site you'd need to make sure all your data is sanitized (as Charles said) and also make sure you take into account XSS attacks as well as your AJAX library's (if you use one) security flaws.