Just use it as a float, if the string is a valid float representation. These will give you identical results:
$a = '56.789';
$b = '5.6789e1';
$c = '56789E-4';
echo $a * $b * $c;
$a = 56.789;
$b = 5.6789e1;
$c = 56789E-4;
echo $a * $b * $c;
This manual page (link) says:
The type of a variable is not usually set by the programmer; rather, it is decided at runtime by PHP depending on the context in which that variable is used.
Also see this page.