Q1: first of all I recommend reading up on arrays: manual - arrays
then do some experimenting with arrays too. they are important.
$admin is an array. you get an element like this
$a = $admin['elementkey'];
$row also is an array - even an array containing arrays as its elements.
so $row['constant'] is the array 'constant' within the array $row. and an element of that array 'constant' called 'title' can be accessed like this:
$value = $row['constant']['title'];
is same as
$array = $row['constant'];
$value = $array['title'];
and finally using that on $admin:
$a = $admin[$value];
would render the same as the integrated version:
$a = $admin[$row['constant']['title'];
Q2:
It is as I say. I don't know about that code (and I don't need to) This is an if statement doing exactly what I described.