if you're going to use class extending why not go the full out.
Create abstract classes or interfaces.
interface Translation {
public function translate($txt);
}
class it_to_en implements Translation {
public function translate($txt) {
// do translate
return $value;
}
}
function translation($type, $txt) {
require_once($type . '.php');
$trans = new $type;
return $trans->translate($txt);
}
its not complete or elegant as it would need a bit more work and error checking, but it would allow for you to throw in new language types without reworking the code.
It should be noted, I went for interfaces because there is only one function identified and is not going to be the same. The nice thing about interfaces is it will require all classes that implement it to have the same defined functions.