That's because your scores are in sub-arrays that are stored in a parent array, but you're only sorting the parent array.
PHP's most flexible array sorting functions are those starting with "u"; but to use any of them you'll need to do a lot more work, because you're actually wanting to sort two arrays - $array_userid_score['score'] and $array_userid_score['users_id'] - based on the values in one of them.
Or you can fix the structure like so:
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['score'] = 1;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['users_id'] = 0;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['score'] = 10;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['users_id'] = 1;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['score'] = 9;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['users_id'] = 2;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['score'] = 15;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['users_id'] = 3;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['score'] = 6;
$array_userid_score[$count_userid_score]['users_id'] = 4;
And keep ids and scores together.