Welcome to PHPBuilder!
The HTTP transaction itself can be explained in as little or as much detail as you'd like, but even a broad high-level understanding of how HTTP works is enough to get you started with the PHP code.
What really matters will be things like:
How do you plan on making this transaction? [man]cURL[/man], [man]file_get_contents/man, etc.
What type of data are you supposed to be sending?
Using [man]cURL[/man] is probably the most common option. See the [man]curl_setopt/man page for its many options you can set. Some options of interest to you might be: CURLOPT_POST, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER. Also take a look at Example #2 for a barebones coding example.