I think you may be confused:
PHP happens on the server, before the page goes to the user. Once the user sees the page, PHP is over and done with.
You will never see the values your user submits, because they submit to paypal (not to your site). Trying to sneak-a-peek at that submission is a security issue.
If you need to confirm what values the user submits, there are two approaches:
1.) Create and store the button on PayPal. This way, the user has no form to fill out, and the values are predetermined. (Paypal recommends this option, and highly discourages the use of user forms like the one in your example.)
2.) Use PayPal's IPN and/or PDT APIs to confirm the details of transactions. This will inform you not of what payment details were sent, but what payment details were accepted (as well as if the transaction was successful; probably far more useful).