For example, a partial word search for data >containing the word "male" would return >data like "male", "female", "malevolent", >etc.
in Mysql do something like
Select thingy from whatsit where thingy like '%$myword%';
would return male/femail/malevolent
(if you want a start or end match then simply remove one of the %'s)
To do a perfect match simply remove the wildcard or use "where thingy like '$myword';
(I cant remember if = matches are case sensitive in mySQL.