"how can i guarantee that the value
that is overwritten in 5 is identical
to 2 ?"
You can't with just SQL, you'll have to use a manual locking method.
Add a column to the table, and call that something like 'lockdate'.
When you select records to display them to in the browser, you make sure that you only select records that have no 'lockdate' value. When you have records selected and you want to display them on a browser, you update the 'lockdate' column for those records, and you enter the current date and time.
When you process the submitted values from the form, you can safely update the rows with the new values, and reset the lockdate value to NULL.
A forum, a FAQ, email notification, what else do you need?