The number of tables in a database does not have a significant affect on performance.
Tables should be grouped in databases logically. Related tables should be in the same db.
I'm not sure of any limit on the number of tables in a db. Check at mysql.com.
If you have a field that needs to contain text greater than 255 characters you can use one of the various text/blob types. If you want to use case insensitive searching on the field use a text type not a blob.
TEXT or BLOB can contain 65535 characters
MEDIUMTEXT or MEDIUMBLOB: 16777215 chars
LONGTEXT OR LONGBLOB: 4294967295 chars