Hmmm hey thats a new chapter, I wonder if thats a new set of functions to be released in the next version of php? Looks to me like they're adding in raw socket support.
The fsockopen() function is pretty basic, it functions just like a telnet connection sending and recieving data. It is good for things like browsing & downloading files from HTTP and FTP servers as well as many other types. I used it to create several usful functions for uses such as checking if a file exists on a remote server, downloading a complete listing of files from a remote server, streaming files through my localsystem from a remote system (this is kinda slow but it's still has it's uses for keeping files secure.)
Basicly the fsockopen() function opens a file handle that you can read and write from, only the data isn't writen/read from disk it is read from a TCP/IP connection.
The raw sockets on the other hand are probably going to primarily be used so that us programming types will have access to protocalls other than just TCP/IP like UDP, etc. These are good for things like pinging other system (ICMP) or getting the current time from another system running a time server.
None of these socket() functions currently work on my copy of PHP4Win or in the downloadable copy of the PHP4 documentation, and that leads me to guess that they are not even in this build yet, maybe 4.0.3? It's funny thou, usualy the docmentation tells you this kinda need to know information.